William Shakespeare s Othello - 1222 Words

Intro What is this book? Why would you read this? Why did you bother to pick this up? Well I have no clue why you are reading this. So If you are bored continue reading. You probably would read this book because it is about a girl that has Aspergers and has a tough time after her brother died. I was forced to read this book back in fifth grade because of a book report. So we looked for a book that I could read at the time. We found Mockingbird. At the time I had no clue if it was going to be good or not. I liked the book surprisingly. if I have to read a book for a class I read it, but this book I just wanted to continue reading. I made a lot of connections at the time because I felt people at school where being absolute jerks to me†¦show more content†¦These are all ways a person with asperger s would do. The information found from http://aspennj.org/what-is-asperger-syndrome. Dads Perspective Dad is the father of Caitlin and was working on this chest with his son Devan, but at school one day devan was shot.(chapter 1-2). From that day on dad never finished the chest. Catlin tried to convince dad that by finishing the chest they would be brought together again. Dad goes to the store to buy supplies for the chest Catlin and dad are now building. But dad still has trouble building the chest because it was a project meant for his son and him.(chapter 1 page 2) It takes awhile for him to realize that if he builds it, he would have less stress and be more free. He was stressed because he would never finish the project with his son. The last few chapters of the story dad finally finished the chest, he felt happy finishing it with caitlin. When reading this I thought the piece of the puzzle was found and put in. the last chapter dad and caitlin feel better that they now know that the killer was brought to justice. Connections This book shows how 1 person can impact a lot in someone s life. That person can be anyone. They can have major impacts. My grandfather died and he was a big role model to me because he showed me a lot of things I could do in life. Back in 1995 Jerry Garcia died, he was the lead singer for the grateful dead. That impacted their community a lot because the band was not wholeShow MoreRelatedOthello : William Shakespeare s Othello2542 Words   |  11 Pages3 March 2015 Othello Introduction Shakespeare is the second most quoted writer in the English language – after the various writers of the Bible. Many of Shakespeare’s ideas for the play Othello came from a collection of tales written by Giraldi Cinthio. In Othello the character of Iago acts as the prominent main character throughout the play, even though he plays the role of the antagonist to the other central characters in the comedy Iago is the tragic hero. Shakespeare’s Othello was not justRead MoreOthello By William Shakespeare s Othello Essay1230 Words   |  5 Pages Previously, in Act 3.4, Othello begins to suspect Desdemona’s loyalty, as he continuously asks Desdemona for the handkerchief, yet she keeps on changing the topic. In Act 4.1, Iago continues to convince Othello of Desdemona’s faithfulness. In Act 3.4, Othello defended Desdemona when Iago accused her; but in Act 4.1, their position is switched. Othello becomes more aware of what Iago is saying and the anger t hat he has towards Iago has significantly reduced, while he begins to doubt Desdemona.Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And Othello1720 Words   |  7 PagesDejenara Williams Ms.Milliner EES21QH-04 January ,18,2017 In this world there are two different types of people. There are those with a fixed mindset and others with a growth mindset . Each of these mindset involve different personality and characteristics. This may create a different outlook on life, meaning different morals and actions. Which happens to come into play while reading shakespeare s Othello. Most of the characters , maybe even all fit into either categories. CharactersRead MoreOthello By William Shakespeare s Othello Essay977 Words   |  4 Pages In William Shakespeare s Othello, Iago s character is perhaps the most appalling scalawag. Oxford s Dictionary characterizes miscreant as an, an evil individual; boss insidious character in a play or a story (Oxford 740). Iago plays the antiquated of Othello, who is the general of the Venetian powers. As an old, Iago is to be an unwavering worker to Othello. In any case, Iago has developed intense and scornful and utilizes his gathered steadfastness as a wedge to bring about Othello s endRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello 1386 Words   |  6 Pagesblood-crimson of lust and the jade-green of jealously are but two of the vast palate required to paint this inescapable human passion. William Shakespeare’s store of colors is unrivaled. No human failing, foible or foolishness escapes his gentle, comedic reproof. He equally enjoins his audience to venture as bravely as he does into the palpable horror of love gone amiss. In â€Å"OTHELLO,†Ã¢â‚¬Å"MACBETH,† and many more dramas, love’s fatal potential to provoke vengeance or the quest for earthly power is powerfully feltRead MoreAnalysis Of Othello s Othello By William Shakespeare Essay2117 Words   |  9 Pages Racist Ideology As Seen In Othello As a writer, William Shakespeare possessed an uncanny ability to address topics that were, for the most part, unnoticed in society. Every one of his characters feels realistic because they are so complex and based on psychological motivations. When Shakespeare’s Othello was first written, there was undoubtedly a complicated relationship between white English citizens and so called â€Å"foreigners†. However, society’s inability to understand or accept different culturesRead MoreOthello s Othello By William Shakespeare897 Words   |  4 PagesIago’s main reason to denigrate Desdemona’s character is his love for Othello. Consequently, he will do anything to gain Othello’s admiration. When Iago is putting his plan into action and planting in Othello’s mind that Desdemona is not faithful to him, Iago says: Othello kneels .............................................................................................. IAGO: Do not rise yet. Iago kneels Witness, you ever-burning lights above, You elements that clip us round above, Witness thatRead MoreOthello s Othello By William Shakespeare848 Words   |  4 Pages Desdemona’s Passivity [In the Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Othello†] Desdemona is a passive character in the Shakespeare play â€Å"Othello†. We can identify this as a fault in Desdemona, in various acts and scenes throughout the play. A critic had stated that â€Å"Desdemona is passive, acted upon rather than acting.† This is a valid statement which is noticeable in Desdemona’s character. When Desdemona argues Cassio’s position that Othello stripped from him. We see from this that she could have actedRead MoreAnalysis of William Shakespeare ´s Othello737 Words   |  3 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello, a play by William Shakespeare, was written in the early 1600’s. If Othello was written in a different time, 21st century America, the view of people of different genders and races would differ, women would be held to a more equal social standard and the issue of Othello being black, wouldn’t be as prominent when he marries Desdemona. This play was written in a time where it was essential to follow cultural values. During this time women were expected to respect all maleRead MoreOthello By William Shakespeare s Othello1209 Words   |  5 PagesOthello Down Shakespeare s Othello comprises of the subjects betrayal, affection and dishonesty. At the focal point of this play is the lamentable ruin of Othello because of his so-called friend Iago. In this paper I will be examining the explanations behind and against Othello being in charge of his defeat through taking a gander at critical interpretations of his character and activities. Othello was profoundly in charge to his own destruction as Iago demonstrating to him to be gullible and

Psychological Effects On Society In Truman Capotes In...

Addressing how the drive for perfection in America ultimately leads to psychological damage as a result of unattainable expectations, writers of American literature refuse to shy away from social conventions in their works. These writers depend on stereotypes, social conventions, and norms to get their views across to the readers. These societal standards portray how Americans are affected by society on such a scale that it takes it toll on their psychological and mental wellbeing. According to Gregory Corso, a poet and influential part of the Beat Generation, the authorities of America are brainwashing the youth to believe that happiness comes from one source, the American way. They are falsely shown what perfection is, leading to the†¦show more content†¦He was extremely intelligent yet he never used his intelligence to its full extent. Weighed down by society, not being able to show how smart he truly was, Dick turned to crime, something that made him feel less normal and more like an individual. This is yet another example of how societal norms can take a psychological toll on individuals. This idea of being held back from one’s true potential by society is showcased in countless works of American Literature. It is used to show how the American experience, perceived to be some holy grail of happiness, is, in reality, a sad excuse for it, generating insecurities and self-doubt upon Americans. This idea of society weighing one down is reiterated throughout Tim OBriens story, The Things They Carried. During war, soldiers carry emotional baggage along with them in their fight for their country that weigh them down. Their reputation is on the line if they are distracted by something and not holding up to standards, they are to be embarrassed, which was their biggest fears (O’Brien, 14). Realizing they are not capable of living up to what is expected of them, perfection, the soldiers slowly become damaged internally, weighing down their abi lities even more. O’Brien explores how the pressure soldier’s experience to protect their country without hesitancy nor vacillation results in cognitive impairment, following the trend of American literature to characterize life experiences based on society’s influences. Everyone,Show MoreRelatedEssay on Vengeance in Truman Capotes In Cold Blood2075 Words   |  9 Pagesfifty years ago in the [rural] heartland of America, that word evoked emotion out of the entire town’s population. Prior to writing In Cold Blood, Truman Capote had written several pieces that lead him to writing a piece of literature that would infuse fiction and nonfiction, thus In Cold Blood was created, albeit after six years of research (â€Å"Truman† 84). Truman Capote is one of the more fascinating figures on the American literary landscape, being one of the countrys few writers to cross the borderRead MoreIn Cold Blood Authorial Intents1703 Words   |  7 PagesIn Cold Blo od: Two Intents, One Novel On November 15, 1959, the whole nation was shocked by a ghastly murder involving four family members in the discrete farm town of Holcomb, Kansas. It was most shocking because a crime of this magnitude with no motive was rare. This was so discomforting a well known author, by the name of Truman Capote, moved to Holcomb to record the townspeople’s reaction to the tragedy. The idea of how they responded to the crime gave Capote the idea to write a book. In Cold

Nail Disorder

Question: Write an essay on Nail Disorder? Answer: Introduction to Nail disorders: The nail disorder is also like diseases which cause pain and in result fever, suffering, general upsets. The main cause of nail disorder is nail breakage or nail grows inside the skin that causes lots of pain. In simple words nail grow in abnormal way. Paronychia is bacterial or fungal infection where the nail and skin meet. Various diseases of Nail disorders: The main three diseases are: Onychia lacking Granuloma: In therapeutic observe, doctors rarely use the term Granuloma limply to mean as tiny swelling. Since a tiny swelling can symbolize something from a safe nevus to evil swelling, this procedure of the period is not very definite. Examples of the mistaken use of the term granuloma are the wound known as verbal cordgranuloma, pyogenic granuloma and intubation granuloma, all of which are examples of granulation tissue, not granulomas. Pulmonary hylinizing granuloma is as injury differentiates by keliod-like fibrosis in the lung, and is not granulomatous. In the same way, radiologists frequently use the expression granuloma when they see a calcified swelling on X-ray or CT scan of the chest. They make this statement since granulomas typically include calcium. Even though the cells that structure granuloma are too tiny to be seen by radiologist. The most correct use of period involves a pathologist to inspect surgically detached and particularly highlighted tissue under a microscope. This d isease can be characterize by granulomas are: Leprosy Schistosomiasis Histoplasmosis Cat-scratch disease Rheumatic fever (Blane, 2006) Onychomycosis: The most frequent sign of a fungal nail disease is the nail becoming condensed and discolored: White Black Green As the infection development the nail can become fragile with pieces flouting off or pending away from the toe or finger absolutely. If left untreated, the skin can become irritated and painful underneath and around the nail. There may also be white or yellow patches on the nail bed or peeling skin next to the nail and can also cause foul smell. There is frequently no pain or other physical symptoms, except disease are rigorous. People facing this problem may understand important psychosocial problems due to manifestation of the nail, mainly when fingers which are always observable rather than toenails are exaggerated. This could take the variety if skin complaint or itch in an area of the body that is not infected with the fungus. Dermatiphtid can be consideration of as an allergic reaction to the fungus. Subunguak hematoma: This happen when disturbance to the nail consequences in compilation of blood beneath the nail. It may affect from sharp injury or from frequent negligible trauma such a running in undersized shoes. Sharp subungual hematomas are reasonably hurting and are frequently treated by discharge the blood by generating a small gap in the nail. Tooling and thermal cautery are universal techniques for creating the hole. Thermal cautery is not used on acrylic nails because they are flammable(Asbridge et al., 2006). Conclusion: This way the main cause of nail disorder is nail breakage or nail grows inside the skin that causes lots of pain. Bibliography Asbridge, L., Lavers, S., Moonie, N. Scott, J., 2006. BTEC First Health and Social Care. Heinemann.Bartley, M., 2003. Understanding Health Inequalities. Oxford UK: Polity Press.Blane, D., 2006. The life course, the social gradient and health. In Marmot, M.G. Wilkinson, R.G. Social Determinants of Health (2nd ed., pp. 54-77). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp.54-77.Canadian Center for Occupational health and safety, 2014. www.ccohs.ca. [Online] Available at: https://www.ccohs.ca/ [Accessed 20 February 2014].Doe, J., 2013. Health. [Online] Available at: https://organized-press.themedesigner.in/?p=97 [Accessed 07 April 2015].Rae, H., Pauline, W. Chen, M.D., 2012. Reinventing the third year medical student. [Online] Available at: https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/04/19/reinventing-the-third-year-medical-student/?_php=true_type=blogs_r=0 [Accessed 18 April 2015].Schiller, N.G., 1992. What's wrong with this picture? The Hegemonic Construction of Cult ure in AIDS research in the United States. Medical Anthropology Quarterly., 6(3), pp.237-54.

The entity of mankind Essay Example

The entity of mankind Essay The entity of mankind is a broad phenomenon, which is characterized by various social interactions among the people. With the aspect of this interaction, the concept of dramaturgical concept of human social interaction is therefore given an important approach. Through this interaction therefore, the human coexistence is maintained with various relations developing among the society and its people. The society has to live in peace, harmony and tranquility if eternity of man is to be promised. This is however provided by the social interaction phenomenon that people affiliate in their day-to-day life. However, societal imbalance of lack of equity and equality compromise the success of the peace and harmony. This is captured or developed when the society has some inequalities in the distribution, use, and exploitation of its scarce resources. With these aspects, sociological problems will develop that help to institute the society back to a state of normality where a focus of how the so ciety can be brought back to stability is thus assured. Various sociological theories will develop as a substance of instituting various states of foundations to cater for the varying states of the societal imbalance. Depending on the social aspects affecting or working within a societal setting therefore, various theories will consequently match to safeguard an interest in explaining how various aspects within the scope of the society interact with each other in a cordial state of establishing harmony and stability within the society. With regard to the nature of the society therefore, the great encounters in intensity of state of affairs therefore leads to various interaction circumstances. Depending therefore on the image brought by such interaction, various theories will therefore work in striking a substantial harmony within the society. Such various, sociological legacies are conflicts and their resolution, equality and equity issues, gender and gender stereotypes, modern changes versus the traditional (ancient) phenomenon above other schools of thought that work within the society. In all this aspects, the people will interact with each in   solving various conflicts issues, enjoying the success of their activities and performing various activities that help to develop the society more for a more enjoyable environment for their living. Either, different sociological theories will be applicable to different groups of person within the society, depending on the gender, social class, occupational disciplines, relational circumstance, religious diversities, cultural imageries and educational backgrounds among others. (Bartos, Wehr, 2002, p. 67-76) We will write a custom essay sample on The entity of mankind specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The entity of mankind specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The entity of mankind specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Perhaps, the family is not an exception to some of these sociological theories. In its daily activities, the family is faced with various movements that define its growth, developments and existences. Different issues within the family are solved varied with every aspect within its structures calling for various sociological theories to explain them. Due to the diversity in attributes within the family members, social imbalance is highly pronounced with various conflicts arising from such phenomena. Either, with respect to the various goals and objectives of the family, sociological differences will normally arise. Other factors yielding to such indifferences are gender, equity and inequality, indifferences in the play roles by various family members which therefore state the various function components of these persons, religious diversities, and other various social ingredients that compromise the stable state of affairs within the family. However, with the importance of the family within the society, it’s important to solve the social family issues within its frontiers in a manner that ensures the existence of the family and the society as a whole. In its various strategies to form an interactive phenomenon within its members, the family will entail the use of some specific tools aimed at solving such indifference. However, sociologically the different pursuits of formulating ways and methodologies for application within the coexistence of the family involve the application of sociological theories. With the many types and perspectives of such theories, each can therefore be adequately used to explain a certain case of problem. Such theories are usually theoretical frameworks of a complex nature which help the sociologists in explaining and also analyzing in different dimension on how social structures, process and actions work together. For the purpose of this work however, these theories will be limited to the conflict theory and the way it can be used to analyze the aspects within a family. In a family, there are various social issues affecting it, such cases as conflicts on duty and role play, divorce, the status of different persons within the family, modernization and the family, religious conflicts and other various issues affecting it. Within the structure of the family therefore, different conflict will develop in regard to how the people should respond in doing different activities. Disagreements will therefore bring with them various social conflicts at the center of the state of the family which results to indifferences and disharmony in misunderstanding by the family members. With the family problems however been too divergent, this study will only for us on the relation of the conflict theory and the aspect of duty and role play by different members of the family. Despite the many social problems affecting the family, inadequacy and inefficiency by the different family members failing to play their different roles perhaps can be attributed as the main problem behind all other problem aspects operating within the family. As the unity of the society, the family is comprised of different members such as the parents and children whom to each are an allotted duty and role he/she should play. However, many are the times when such duties go undone. This is the begging of social problems calling for conflict within such a family. (Paquette, 2000, p. 46-58) In their daily movements therefore, the conflict theory will ultimately come into operation to define the various regulations that may guide the family in its structural bond. The conflict theory forms part of the various sociological theories, in which members within the societal setup or their structural organization will formulate functional relationships leading to each of the participants within the group struggling for the most maximum benefit thus leading to various social changes of revolutions, structural developments and changes in politics. Its application is most attributed in explaining the various developing conflicts acting between different groups, social classes and other social phenomena such as between the socialists and capitalists. It is an argument against the theory of functionalism with its consideration of the idea that, people within the society and their organization will work in a functional capacity to yield to each playing specific role within such societies which equals the functional relations of the different parts of the body. With the various states activities within an organization or the society, the various components of parties cannot however work harmoniously with one another due to the various differences affecting them. With such an aspect therefore the society cannot work harmoniously as an organ. The resulting consequences are various conflicts that occur between the people within the society or organization To the family, the same issues of conflict will therefore arise in the active process of the people within it trying to perform their duties. Either, during the various struggles to have the most benefit within its operation, conflict is also born. Such cases hinder the various social corporations by the family members. In the conflict theory, there are the various radical assumptions of the society been under an external conflict which will ultimately result to a series of social changes. Due to the interactive conflict within the society therefore, one effect will lead to a displacement in the normal circumstances resulting to the related social changes that arise as a result of the conflict circumstances. With this aspect therefore, the society will embrace a new standard of environment in the societal make up replenishing the existing state. Automatically, the ancient look of their society will therefore develop a new outlook and focus on the new developments will therefore amount to various generations of guiding stereotypes within the society. Either, conflict theory assumptions can be moderate which defines how societal or family conflict and their customers are interlinked. Here, with the moderate assumption, they normally assume that functionalism will still work in explaining the activity of the people within a society. Under the moderate understanding of the society therefore, the conflict theory can have an attribute of a cordial work within the people. To the family therefore it could be assumed to have specific roles for each member that helps them to work with harmony to one another and bring a stable state of agreement between these members. Clear establishments of the conflict theory are explained in the pyramid structure where the elite body is a dictator to the normal people/large masses within the society. This is perhaps clearly defined in the family set up where the decisions regarding such a family are made by a certain person. This person will thus formulate various dictations to the others in regard on how they should perform their duties. To the conflict theory, the persons who have been existing in power within their institutions, the traditional society and the law of the society are highly supported by this theory. The society morals and behaviour above concepts of deviance are predominantly explained by this theory. In which the establishment, exercise and performance of moral concepts is through the activity of the social conflict in the foundations of the moral setups. It is argued that, the society moral conceptions are founded on conflicting authorities that work to cause a conflict in their existence. With this aspect, it forms moral deviance and only working to undermine the peaceful structure of the society. With its diversity in application, it can therefore be applied at various levels both at the national level (micro level) and the family, society level (micro level) The theory is allied to some specific and basic assumptions that are dominantly expressed during its exercise. Perhaps, the most pronounced assumption in this theory is that of competition. This assumes that the people in a society, family or organization will actively compete for the few scarce resources which cause such conflicts. Naturally, mankind is characterized to be highly competitive. Elsewhere, the theory assumes of the existence of structural inequalities within the society or social structures. Consequently, inequalities develop in rewarding system and horror of power to lead to various states of benefits to the people in the various social structures. In theory, revolution is what develops from the effect of conflict. With the various social classes forming competitions, different people will thus form different adaptive strategies toward these changes. Such changes are however characterized as been revolutionary and also highly abrupt rather than them been evolutionary. With the conflict, a war of struggle consequently develops. (Schlee, Guther, 2004, p. 22) To the family set up therefore, this theory adequately explain the existence of conflict between the roles to be played by the different members of the family. For the different members of the family therefore, so will the different duties and roles of each become different. The harmony state of the family defines its continuity in the society. The parents have various duties like provision of basic needs such as security, education, love, procreation of children above others. The children also have various roles and duties to play. However, with regard to such specific goals, the various members will thus develop a disharmony with one another in the inefficiency, inadequacy, failure of support and low profile contribution toward the success of the family. Between the parents themselves, there is the lack of adequate performance of the duties where the mother or the father may act irresponsibly towards providing support for the family. Either, they may develop low interest profile to wards the upright upbringing of the family. The resulting consequences would thus be blame between the parents themselves and between the children and the parents. Either, children may fail to perform the required aspects towards the family by themselves. Hereby, there will be an inadequacy in whatever is required of them for a smooth running of the family. With this developing low profile in the performance of the family brought by there children, a blame will therefore develop.   In this case, the parents are blamed of their contribution towards their failure.   Blame will also develop between the children themselves for their contribution role to the family failure. At the family place therefore, a series of blame will be the subject within the family environment. By conflict theory also, failure and inadequacy to perform the respective duties by the family members can also be explained by the underlying assumption to this theory. Firstly, with regard to the scarcity of resources within a family set up, the members will focus on competition for these resources. The resulting consequence is conflict to the inequality in the allocation of these resources. This leads to low activity performance by the members. Naturally, the family like any other organization is bound to having limited scale of its resources. This follows a suit to the laws of nature which dictates that the society is supplied with the resources at a scarce factor Either, structural inequality is highly evident within the family set up, where different members are more challenged in embracing the family benefits than others. Consequently, a state of instability prevails in such circumstances where some members fight for the redemption of equality. Through various inequalities, different family members will be more privileged to having more benefits than others. Gender discrimination may arise from the parents to the children with some children having more benefits from the parents than others. This will be the birth of family conflicts. With the various interests developing from these inequalities, some members will be less motivated to perform their duties than others bringing into operation the conflict theory with the family frontiers. With the above resulting conflicts, the family embraces various structural changes. The state of instability born of such states of conflict leads to the development of various adoptions by various members to help adapt adequately to the changing versions of the family structure. Therefore, one aspect will lead to the other, with changing roles, duties and contributions towards the family changing. This is the start of a new revolution towards the family destiny. The family structure will thus change consequently leading to other structural therapies and changing scenarios within the family. Such changes are the leading consequences towards the revolution within the family setup. It will therefore develop from one state to another embracing the various changes born by the conflict within its premises. The resulting of the above disagreements is the beginning of struggle, war and disagreements between the family members. Blame leads to dissatisfaction, where this dissatisfaction leads to disagreements and war into operation. This implies the operations in the basics of the conflict theory within the family set up in solving the problem of duty and role play by the different members.

How Oracle Works Essays

How Oracle Works Essays How Oracle Works Essay How Oracle Works Essay The following example illustrates an Oracle configuration where the user and associated server process are on separate machines (connected via a network). 1. An instance is currently running on the computer that is executing Oracle (often called the host or database server). 1. A computer running an application (a local machine or client workstation) runs the application in a user process. The client application attempts to establish a connection to the server using the proper Net8 driver. . The server is running the proper Net8 driver. The server detects the connection request from the application and creates a (dedicated) server process on behalf of the user process. 1. The user executes a SQL statement and commits the transaction. For example, the user changes a name in a row of a table. 1. The server process receives the statement and checks the shared pool for any shared SQL area that contains an identical SQL statement.If a shared SQL area is found, the server process checks the users access privileges to the requested data and the previously existing shared SQL area is used to process the statement; if not, a new shared SQL area is allocated for the statement so that it can be parsed and processed. 1. The server process retrieves any necessary data values from the actual datafile (table) or those stored in the system global area. 1. The server process modifies data in the system global area. The DBWn process writes modified blocks permanently to disk when doing so is efficient.Because the transaction committed, the LGWR process immediately records the transaction in the online redo log file. 1. If the transaction is successful, the server process sends a message across the network to the application. If it is not successful, an appropriate error message is transmitted. 1. Throughout this entire procedure, the other background processes run, watching for conditions that require intervention. In addition, the database server manages other users transactions and prevents contention between transactions that request the same data. These steps describe only the most basic level of operations that Oracle performs.

What to Do When Youre Bored at Work

What to Do When Youre Bored at Work There can be any number of reasons you’re feeling bored  at work. If it’s just a lull in your to-do list, maybe it’s temporary. If it’s more of a chronic case of â€Å"I-hate-this-job-itis,† well, you should certainly start thinking about looking for a new job. But in either case, it can be a dangerous habit to fall into. Here are some tips to save yourself before you fall into a full-on goof-off cycle. 1. Find something new to do.This doesn’t mean you should take online Spanish lessons while your company expects you to be working diligently at your desk. Rather, find something of value that you can learn from your workplace. Whether that’s picking up a new skill from another department or talking with colleagues to pick their brains on their own expertises, take this as an opportunity to boost your professional development. Just make sure that your off-the-record professional development doesn’t start displacing your regular work duties (you know, the ones you’re being paid to do).2. Reward yourself.Completing that report on time may not earn you the applause of your manager, but you can come up with your own reward system. Say, â€Å"when I complete this task, then I can get coffee,† or allow yourself 10  minutes of down time for checking something major off your to-do list. It’s a way of staying in the game enough to get things done, even when your head or heart might not be. If things get really desperate, there’s always the good, old-fashioned candy reward that’s popular with kids and bored professionals alike.3. Come up with an escape plan.If your case of â€Å"I-hate-this-job-itis† is a serious one, then even the act of figuring out your next steps can have a rejuvenating effect. Even the most tedious or soul-crushing work activities aren’t so bad if you know you won’t be doing them forever.4. Shoot for â€Å"good enough.†Sometimes a C+ is good enough, especially if you’re in danger of flunking. It’s not great to make a habit of doing the bare minimum, but if you feel yourself checking out, create a list of the parts of your job that are absolutely â€Å"must do† so that you’re maintaining until things get better.5. Do some networking in your field.Meeting and talking to new people in your field can introduce new opportunities. It can also help you remember what you liked about this field in the first place, and why you chose this job. Either way, it brings something (or someone) fresh into the staleness of your routine.Even if you’re halfway out the door and already looking for other opportunities, it’s important not to let your reputation lapse into slackerdom. If you feel yourself starting to check out, there are ways to slow it down before the blahs affect your job performance or work relationships.

Comparing different theoretical approaches for two disabilities Research Paper

Comparing different theoretical approaches for two disabilities - Research Paper Example Definition Dyspraxia or developmental dyspraxia is 'an impairment or immaturity of the organisation of movement' (Dyspraxia Foundation, 2009). It is also known as 'developmental coordination disorder' and 'clumsy child syndrome'. According to the American Psychiatric Association (2001), developmental dyspraxia is "marked impairment of motor coordination which significantly interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily living and is not due to a general medical condition." Dyslexia, also known as developmental reading disorder is the most common childhood learning disability which primarily manifests in school going children. There is no single definition that exists for dyslexia. However, those who know about the condition and have worked with dyslexic children are in a position to easily identify the condition. According to the NINDS (2009), dyslexia is defined as "a brain-based type of learning disability that specifically impairs a person's ability to read." The Worl d Federation of Neurology (cited in British Dyslexics, 2009) defines this condition as "a disorder manifested by difficulties in learning to read, despite conventional instruction, adequate intelligence and socio-cultural opportunity." The British Dyslexics (2009) puts the definition as "Intelligent, bright or even gifted individuals, that for no obvious reason, struggle to learn through the medium of written or spoken language." Other commonly used definitions include "learning difficulty characterized by problems with written or spoken language such as reading, writing, spelling, speaking, or listening" and "congenital disturbance of brain function causing a variety of learning difficulties, especially relating to reading, writing and spelling" (British Dyslexics, 2009). Magnitude of problem Developmental dyspraxia is mostly diagnosed in childhood. It occurs in 2 to 5% of children between the ages 5 to 11. It affects boys more than girls (Dorset Country Council, 1998). Infact, boy s account for 70% of dyspraxic cases. The most important symptoms of dyspraxia are poor motor coordination, clumsiness, lack of movement fluency and the difficulty in application of motor skills mastered in one setting to another setting. Dyslexia affects about 80% of all individuals diagnosed to be having learning disabilities (Shaywitz et al, 2007). When only dyslexia is present, the condition is characterized by an unexpected difficulty in reading in otherwise intelligent children who are motivated and have ample learning opportunities considered necessary for accurate and fluent reading (Fisher et al, 2001). The incidence of dyslexia has been estimated to be about 8 to 15% (Earl, 2006). Although epidemiological studies show equal incidence of this condition in both girls and boys, boys are 3-4 times more likely to be referred for reading problems (Tynan, 2006). All dyslexic children share some common aspects enabling them to be easily diagnosed. The increased awareness of dyslex ia has led to many parent and teacher teaching programs, mostly based on multi-sensory learning. Mechanism of disability The exact cause of developmental dyspraxia is unknown. Neurological immaturity is the most probable cause of this condition. Failure of the neurones of the right hemisphere of the brain to form precise pathways during the development of brain leads to lack of accuracy in the instruction of the brain for performing movements (Bowens and Smith, 1999).

Integrated Marketing Commucations for Toyota Motors Essay

Integrated Marketing Commucations for Toyota Motors - Essay Example This article takes special attention to the IMC strategy that Toyota Motor Company has deployed, it impacts and drawbacks. While the company seems to have benefited from effective marketing strategies, it is clear that the company is still facing a great threat from companies that have engaged more effective strategies in pushing their products within different market segments.   Toyota Motor is a Japanese company that has ventured into the international automobile industry since 1937. The company deals with the design of automobile and other vehicles wholesale and automobile parts (Toyota Motor Corporation, 2015). Since its launch, the company has branded itself a medium class company that targets the average class customers. The company’s vision was to produce reliable vehicles and sustainable development of society by employing innovative and high-quality products and services. For the company, marketing has been an important part of its organizational strategies as embedded in its mission statement. The company’s mission has been to provide the best customer experience within the company as one way of winning their loyalty. The company expenditure on marketing is approximately 4% of the total value of the amount that all automobile companies use in media advertisement. The company operates in a competitive market and the sales are considera bly affected. Therefore, the company has already experienced a big challenge in the market as competing companies such as Honda, Nissan and Mazda realize considerable growth.

Mary Shelly Essay Example for Free

Mary Shelly Essay Compare the way Susan Hill and Mary Shelly Create tension in extracts from their novels The Woman In Black and Frankenstein Gothic Horror was born with the arrival of the book Frankenstein by the author Mary Shelly in 1816. This book fuelled the future wring of horror and changed the future of horror forever. The book Frankenstein came about after Mary had a horrific dream one night. Marys writing was influenced by many factors in her life. Her father used to take her along with him to demonstrations, showing that electricity had the potential to bring people back to life, also science was largely unknown about then, there were many endless possibilities and unanswered questions. She also visited a village of clockwork dolls, which she was very impressed by. All this and the hurt of the loss of her premature baby added to the birth of the most popular book of its century. The book The Woman In Black by Susan Hill was written about 150 years later. At this time science had progressed and many things that were once a mystery were now explained. There was less of the unknown; Yet Susan still managed to create this chilling tale. The extract from Frankenstein is set in a dreary basement, used as Victor Frankensteins laboratory. The very first line starts off with It was on a dreary night of November which adds to the creepy atmosphere, because the night, darkness and cold weather of the November month are usually associated with bad scary things, like chilly weather and shadows in the dark. It then mentions that its one in the morning with heavy rain pattering against the pains, and his candle nearly burnt out, which tells you it was a barely lit room, with a dark chilling atmosphere in the middle of the night, when most are normally asleep, dreaming or having nightmares. This setting and atmosphere very much fits the gothic horror genre, leaving you with a very particular sense of tension. In The Woman In Black extract, we find out in the first small paragraph, is set in a small dilapidated graveyard, this is scary within its self because of a graveyards ossociation with death, ghosts and all things evil. The second paragraph starts with In the greyness of the fading light again adding to the dark, gloomy atmosphere with a feeling of tension of what is to come. The language used in both extracts is very sophisticated and quite complex, as is typical to the gothic horror genre, but while they both use big words Frankenstein is much more old fashioned in wording, obviously due to the time it was written in. Whereas in The Woman In Black the language used is much more modern while still keeping to the more complex wording of the gothic horror genre. Its the first time Victor meets his creation alive in the extract of Frankenstein. His reaction to the monster he has created very much sets up your opinion of it. The way he describes this creature clearly gives you the impression it is evil with its watery eyes and His shrivelled complexion. In The Woman In Black her appearance is not described very much, the focus is more on the feelings she provokes within Arthur. He does however describe the look on her face as as a desperate, yearning malevolence; it was as though she was searching for something she wanted, needed- must have, more then life itself, and which had been taken from her. Through Arthurs thoughts and feelings being explained to you, you feel, or are supposed to feel, what he is feeling. I think the writer is very good at making you experience these dramatic emotions through the character Arthur Kipps, and I certainly was affected by how Arthur is affected when he sees the woman in black. Frankenstein was written at a time when science was new, strange, exciting, and threatening. Much was unexplained and seemed scary and illogical. Strange new ideas were being explored, some far fetched and some that just seemed far-fetched but were the start of vast new scientific knowledge. People began to travel all around the world and experience many new things, different social and cultural attitudes. All this obviously had a profound affect on Mary; she began questioning things and was very aware of the reality of the world around her. In her book it sends out the message of what would happen if people started playing god with life. She obviously felt strongly about this and maybe feared this is what was to come. The Woman In Black was written about 150 years later, in a much more developed time. When science was accepted and we are used to travel, we are less religious and life is very different. The paranormal is less unexplained and the unexplained scares people, this is why Susan has chosen the form of a ghost in her story, as it is more believable then a monster like Frankensteins creature, as we know that wouldnt be possible knowing more about the way things work through science, yet a ghost is still unknown and unexplainable. Both extracts are very typical of the gothic horror genre. They both use complex language with big words and long flowing sentences, with only a few short ones for dramatic affect. They both tell a story about a creature and the unknown at the times they were written. I personally like the extract from The Woman In Black the best, as I can understand the more modern language and I can relate to the story line better because the paranormal is a lot more believable to me then the creation of a creature from dead parts. By Jemma Burke Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.

Prejudice and Racism: All Men are Equal, Unless They Are Black Essay

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Brian is a young African American male who has been pulled over by the police somewhere between twenty and thirty times and accused of committing a crime. The only problem is, he's never so much as jaywalked across a street. Brian is a hardworking, church-going man who is director of lighting at Black Entertainment Television in Washington, D.C. He has a spotless record. That matters little to the D.C. police. Time after time, the cops would pull Brian over to interrogate him for a recent murder, robbery, or assault. He would be yanked out of his car, thrown to the ground, and held until one of them figured out he was the wrong guy. -"Brian Anthony Harris is Not Wanted", by Michael Moore In his 1963 document, "Letter From Birmingham Jail", Martin Luther King Jr. prayed "in some not too distant tomorrow the radiant stars of love and brotherhood will shine over our great nation with all their scintillating beauty." To date, his prayers remain unanswered, and the radiant stars he dreamed of seem more remote and dim than ever. It seems impossible, in the wake of the Civil Rights movement of the Sixties, America would not take heed and make strides to erase the lines of inequality dividing its population. It hasn't. Superficial changes in race relations, like the halfhearted integration of schools, the ever-lessening concessions to affirmative action, and the few token minority Court and Cabinet appointments notwithstanding, the status-quo of American life illustrates the continuing failure of King's dream. In the 37 years since Martin Luther King Jr. sat in an Alabama jail cell, more black men have gone to jail than to college, and the black voice in America's democracy has quieted to a whisper. Black Americans are not m... ...anna Huffington. 10/01/00. http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2000/10/02/disenfranchised/index.html "Back to the Civil Rights Barricades", by Todd Gitlin. 12/04/00. http://www.salon.com/politics/feature/2000/12/04/democracy/index.html Justice Policy Institute/ Center on Juvenile and Criminal Justice. Beatty, Holman, and Schiraldi, 2000 Poor Prescription: The Costs of Imprisoning Drug Offenders in the United States. Washington DC: The Justice Policy Institute. Accessed 5/20/01. http://www.cjcj.org/drug/drugpr.html "America's One Million Non-Violent Prisoners", by V. Schiraldi, J. Ziedenberg, and J Irwin, PhD.1999. Accessed 5/21/01. http://www.cjcj.org/jpi/onemillion.html United States Department of Justice. Prison and Jail Inmates at Midyear 1999. Allen J. Beck, Ph.D. Apr, 2000, Accessed 5/20/01. http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/pubalp2.htm#pjmidyear

Corporate Governance and its Impact on Firm Risk

This time period was selected based on the ease of availability of data for the variables. BRIEF SUMMARY: Corporate governance measures like board structure, compensation structure and ownership structure are determined by one another, and by variables such as risk, cash flows, firms' size and regulations etc. Firm risk has a role to play in firm performance, because firms that take more risk generally have higher returns. Firms that engage in risky projects are expected to yield better returns that those which lack the appetite to take asks.However, excessive risk taking may prove to be fatal for a firm Family Ownership and Firm Risk – studies the impact of corporate governance (through family control, bank control and ownership concentration) on risk taking of Japanese firms. Bank Ownership and Firm Risk – Banks are expected to have low risk-taking preferences and are most likely to avoid risky ventures. Ownership Structure and Firm Risk – Managerial ownership plays a significant role in firm's risk-taking.Lesser ownership in this regard may hold back the managers to indulge in risky projects. Board Independence and Firm Risk – Structuring of a firm's board of directors also plays a crucial role in reducing the agency costs. Therefore, the role Of the executive board's structure is also crucial for the firm's value. Non-executive directors on the board of directors, acting on the part of external shareholders, are generally expected to monitor firm' s strategy and decision-making in this regard.CRITIQUE: The study on corporate governance has received considerable attention in the past decade or so due to the significant role of corporate governance in enhancing the firms' performance. This research has investigated the impact f various corporate governance measures have been on firm performance and firm value. This study can also contribute to the corporate world by incorporate a vast range of corporate governance variables in the analysis, including bank ownership, family ownership, managerial ownership and board independence.

Market Entry Strategies

Introduction Market entry strategies refer to modes of accessing a share of clients en masse in a new environment. This paper will give an overview of different market entry options available and their extent of applicability in the Abu Dhabi National Hotels Company’s effort to enter the US market. It will also evaluate Abu Dhabi National Hotels Company by considering indirect market entry options in entering the US market. Market entry strategies Market entry strategies can be divided into two broad categories: indirect and direct market.In choosing either of these, one should have analyzed the company in context using various analytical tools. The analysis should focus on the companies’ strengths, weaknesses, opportunities available and threats that the company might be experiencing. It also involves accessing balancing of costs, control and risks. A company should be determined to operate internationally before choosing a market entry strategy. It should also be conv inced also understand that she is about to undertake a long term inflexible commitment whose withdraw would be costly.The results that these will deliver will determine, in the case of Abu Dhabi National Hotels Company, the best entry strategy (Jalan, 2004:234). Direct entry strategy. Exporting There are various modes of direct market entry. In the case, of Abu Dhabi Company exporting is not an option since it is a service delivery company. Besides, this strategy would result in reduced control and higher risks in investment. In addition, Abu Dhabi National has a higher asset base, therefore, can engage in a promising investment strategy (Jalan, 2004:234).Licensing and Franchising Licensing and franchising can be a viable alternative if the Company wishes to have minimal financial and control commitments. In licensing, Abu Dhabi National Hotels will purchase trading rights from a potential partner in the US. This means it may not retain its current trademarks and other intellectual property- it will outsource from the licenser. Licensing is whereby a local company grants a foreign company the right to use its intellectual property.In licensing, the Abu Dhabi Company will incur costs of purchase of third party rights of which it will operate under. Franchising is whereby; the Franchiser (parent company) grants a foreign company (franchisee) the right to do business in a prescribed way. In cases where a country restricts importation, licensing would be viable means of penetrating such a market for foreign investors (Jalan, 2004:235,236). Contract Manufacturing In search for a means to foreign markets, contract manufacturing may also be an alternative.In this strategy, a company operating multinational business will contract foreign companies to produce such goods while it retains the duty of marketing them. This would be unlikely option for Abu Dhabi National Hotels since it is a service based company (Jalan, 2004:235).. Management Contracting In Management cont racting, the international firm supplies management knowledge for another in the foreign country. The technical advisory firm may not be stakeholder of the said company. Its role is to manage without the risk of loss and benefit ownership.This would be beneficial entry tool for the Abu Dhabi because the local knowledge adaptable to the new environment there can be outsources locally (Jalan, 2004:235). Indirect market entry strategy Indirect Exporting In indirect market entry, indirect exporting is one of the alternatives. In this method, a company manufactures its goods and allows other companies to export these goods to foreign countries. The main concern here is since expertise is necessary in penetrating the new market a hired firm will do it in precision to promote its client.The firms sought after in this strategy are those with longtime the experience. This method also involves the lowest risk factor for companies with no foreign experience like in this case of Abu Dhabi Natio nal Hotels (Giligan1986:101, Zisa, 2008:12). Direct Exporting This mode of accessing the foreign market involves high costs in transporting and marketing. The firm here manufactures goods in one country and then incurs the cost of marketing them abroad. This may take place through sales by foreign distributors, sales agents, overseas sales subsidiaries (Chee and Harris 1998:294).Strategic Alliance Another alternative would turn out to be strategic alliance. In this strategy, the company would form an alliance with its potential competitors in the working environment. Conclusion The US is one of the world’s economic towers. Abu Dhabi National Hotel Company rationale can be justified by the fact that there is a potential market in America. The state also enjoys stable politics although currently there are uncertainties linked to the politics of this world military superpower.That is why franchising or licensing would be a likely method for the Abu Dhabi Hotel Company. Besides, strategic alliance and creation of mergers would cushion the Hotel Company from uncertainties in the foreign market. By fact, market entry strategies have a profound effect on how a firm may access a given market in the globe. They also influence the profits made and the risks that may turn out to threats in the future. Making such a concrete decision requires evaluation of the company’s current strengths, asset base, bargaining power and foreign business policies.With these at hand, a firm can make such a longtime commitment in the foreign market once the marketer has arrived at an appropriate entry strategy. (Gillespie et al, 2011:247,248) References Andexer Thomas (2008) Analysis and Evaluation of Market Entry Modes Into the Asia-Pacific Region. Norderstedt, GRIN Verlag Chee Harold, Harris Rod (1998), Global Marketing Strategy. London. Pitman Publishers Gillespie Kate, Jeannet Jean-Pierre, Hennessey H. David (2011) Global Marketing. Mason OH. Cengage Learning.Gilligan Coli n, Martin Hird, (1986) International Marketing: Strategy and Management Kent-Great Britain Mackays of Chatham Ltd. Jalan P. K. (2004) Industrial Sector Reforms In Globalization Era. New Delhi, Prabhat Kumar Sarma Tielmann Viktor (2010) Market Entry Strategies: International Marketing Management Norderstedt, GRIN Verlag Yoshino Michael Y. and Rangan Srinivasa U. (1995). Strategic Alliances: An Entrepreneurial Approach to Globalization Harvard, Harvard University Press Zisa Letizia (2010) Positioning and Opportunity Assessment Report with Main Focus on Germany, China USA, New Zealand. Norderstedt, GRIN Verlag. Market Entry Strategies Companies have a wide range of possibilities for market entry strategies; however, they need to choose the right one for each market, bearing in mind the particular circumstances (Johnston 1998:101). When making marketing decisions, the service exporter should keep in mind some universal characteristics of services that set them apart from goods: intangibility, degree of inseparability, human intensiveness, propriety knowledge, perishability, and heterogeneity (Reif 1997:19). Depending on the service, one particular quality may be more applicable than the others. The combination of services’ intangible characteristics, along with other qualities, expand both the possibilities and obstacles for international market entry strategies of service providers, and any market entry strategy must be accompanied by a clear understanding of what delineates the difference between a service and a goods export (Reif 1997:20). There are several proven market entry methods and channels that a service exporter can utilize without the resource commitment necessary for foreign direct investment. Every service provider must decide which method of market entry will provide the greatest chance of market penetration. According to Reif, a service firm’s success will depend on four factors such as alliances with local companies, the ability to protect intellectual property, advertising, and marketing strategies and access to financial resources. Also, what marketing venue the firm decides to take will ultimately depend upon its internal capacity and creativity drive, and tenacity of its overseas partners. Market entry methods consist of all the possible alternatives to developing a business presence in a foreign market. Three major market entry strategies available for the service provider are exporting, contractual agreements and foreign direct investment (Reif 1997:21). A business deciding to offer its product outside its domestic home market has various entry strategy options such as: exporting the product already produced for the home market; licensing the product idea or production supplies to a third party who operates across national boundaries or in overseas markets; franchising arrangements – such as McDonald’s outlets in many countries; joint venture between a domestic company and a foreign company or government, or strategic alliance to form partnerships across national boundaries; the use of trading companies, that provide links between buyers and sellers in different countries; or foreign direct investment – possibly including the acquisition of an established business – which is long term commitment to a non-domestic market and is resource-demanding (Dibbs 2004:220). The degree of commitment begins, as it were, with direct selling overseas (exporting), and ends with a complex business investment in foreign markets such as a production facility or international joint venture (Copper 1998: 322). According to Copper, firms will engage heavily in international business operations tend not to make distinction between home and overseas business, just like for example, Zeneca, the major UK pharmaceuticals producer, which makes this a plank of its mission statement. Regardless of a firm’s market entry decision, the particular strategy that drives a services firm must correspond with the legal framework for business that exist in a targeted country, and the requirements concerning the scope of practice and legal structure of business should be carefully examined (Reif 1997:21). Choice of market entry depends greatly on variable factors such as current regulatory policy and the extent of domestic competition. Relationships are going to become increasingly international with inter-firm cooperation spanning a multiplicity of cultures, languages, and outlooks, thus, the international marketing in the future will almost need more competencies in communication and relationship management than even in the immediate past. List of References Cooper, C. L., & Argyris, C.   (1998). The Concise Blackwell Encyclopedia of Management. New York: Blackwell Publishing. Dibb, S., & Simkin, L. (2004). Marketing Briefs: A Revision and Study Guide. New York: Butterworth-Heinemann. Johnston, S., & Beaton, H.   (1998). Foundations of International Marketing. London: Thomson Learning EMEA. Reif, J., Ditterich, K. M., Larsen, M. G., & Ostrea, R. A.   (1997). Services–the Export of the 21st Century: A Guidebook for US Service Exporters. New York: World Trade Press. Stone, M. A., McCall, J. B.   (2004). International Strategic Marketing: A European Perspective. New York: Routledge.         

Globalization and the Issue of Poverty Making the World a Better Place

Globalization and the Issue of Poverty Making the World a Better Place Introduction Living in the XXI century is not easy. Since of the process of globalization, which has been going on for several decades running, is finally starting to have an effect on the world economics, politics and social life, it is necessary to adjust to the new rules and a practically new environment. Moreover, people of the XXI century have to face new challenges in the fields specified above.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Globalization and the Issue of Poverty: Making the World a Better Place specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More One of the greatest challenges is designing the methods of avoiding the increase in poverty rates.  There is no use denying that poverty has been an issue for quite long. As a matter of fact, poverty has been in existence since the humankind discovered the fact that goods have an intrinsic value (Edkins, Zehfuss, 2008). However, in the XXI century, when the globalization pr ocess has come into full swing, poverty rates may reach a tremendous scale, which means that the means to control the problem must be found. In addition, it is worth keeping in mind that with the new opportunities that globalization opens in front of the humankind, one can possibly discover the new ways to bring the poverty rates down. Globalization and Its Effects on Poverty Before going any further, it is necessary to offer a definition of the key concepts that are going to be discussed in the given essay. To start with, the phenomenon of poverty needs a thorough consideration. While the problem of being poor is rather understandable and sadly common in the modern world, the exact definition of poverty is not that easy to coin. Since the prosperity and poverty rates are defined by the minimum wage acceptable in the given state, it must be assumed that the poverty line is unique in each state. In addition, the factors enhancing poverty in specific state differ considerably. Finally , in different states, different layers of society are stricken by poverty. As a result, the phenomenon of poverty is quite hard to nail down in one concise definition. However, Heywood has managed to single out the common features of poverty in most states of the XXI century and, therefore, come up with an updated definition of the problem in question. According to the author of Global politics, poverty is the state of being deprived of life essentials (Heywood, 2011, 353). While the given definition might seem too broad, it actually offers the most accurate definition of what poverty is. It is necessary to mention that, though the financial context seems absent in the given definition, it is actually implied, meaning that poverty is the state of having so little money that they are not enough to buy the life essentials, i.e., food, water, shelter, medicine, etc. The objectivity and correctness of the given definition can be proven by the fact that it actually refers the audience t o the hierarchy of needs structured by Maslow.Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Indeed, when considering Maslow’s hierarchy, one must note that the life essentials, i.e., food, clothing, and shelter, are considered the bulk of the system and, therefore, the crucial elements without which a human being cannot exist (Lusted, 2012). Another concept that requires definition is globalization. Despite the fact that it was launched by people and, therefore, should be less difficult to define compared to poverty, it actually touches on so many aspects of people’s lives that it is practically impossible to embrace its every facet in a single definition. At present, several definitions of the globalization as a phenomenon exist. According to Tuo Cai, globalization means â€Å"the historical process of the extension of deepening of mankind’s cross -border exchange and communication around the world† (Cai, 2012, 313). Therefore, some researchers tend to view globalization as not necessarily an economical, but mostly as a cultural phenomenon, i.e., the fusion of the world’s major cultures and the surge in opportunities for international communication. Another viable definition of the phenomenon was offered by Pramanick and Ganguly. As the researchers explain, globalization can be defined as the process of â€Å"expanding worldwide flow of goods, persons, symbols, ideas, ideologies, and capital, entailing a ‘time-space compression’† (Pramanick Ganguly, 2011, 47). Therefore, although globalization is considered the process of cultural exchange, its properties as a powerful enhancer of worldwide economy are stressed firsthand. As a result, globalization should be considered as an economic process first, and only then as the process of cultural exchange. The aforementioned definitions of globalizat ion and poverty can help define the potential changes that the globalization will have on the rates of the former in the nearest future. Positive outcomes transcending the boundaries It would be wrong to assume that globalization is going to have only the most deplorable effects on the poverty rates all over the world. When speaking of the ways in which globalization is going to shape the present-day society, one must admit that in some layers of society, poverty rates will doubtlessly be reduced.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Globalization and the Issue of Poverty: Making the World a Better Place specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is necessary to stress that globalization is going to turn on the green light for countless numbers of migrant workers to earn more money. Since in the globalized economic space, it will be easier to get position in a foreign country, it can be assumed that migrant workers an d immigrants will be able to find jobs much easier and, therefore, finally manage to earn decent salaries. It would be rather naà ¯ve to expect that globalization and economic changes will magically boost income rates all over the world; however, it will definitely provide more opportunities for a positive change.  In addition, globalization presupposes that it will be easier to join political forces to solve specific issues. By deploying the politics of aid (Heywood, 2011, 369), one can expect that the poverty rates in certain countries are going to decrease. Since transcending economical and physical boundaries between the states all over the world will trigger massive changes, such as a flow of labor force in certain fields, etc., it is likely that financial and economical difficulties in certain fields will ensue together with economic growth in other spheres. As a result, the issue of poverty is likely to be put in the limelight of the XXI-century globalized world agenda. Th e given problem can and must be handled with by controlling the factors that contribute to poverty rates increase. Among the most obvious means of control, the establishment of strict rules in the sphere of private and public sector should be mentioned. However, the side effects of the globalization process, among which increase in poverty rates in specific layers of society must be named first, will doubtlessly follow the triumph of globalization and, therefore, needs to be addressed before the problem has got out of hand. Negative outcomes labor force and other issues However, globalization will also trigger an inevitable drop in employment rates among the natives. Despite the fact that migrant workers and immigrants need to be encouraged in their business beginnings in a completely new environment, one must agree that the types of labor force specified above are often less demanding than the native labor force. As a result, the native labor force, whose standards for wages, numb er of holidays and other benefits that they have been legally granted with by the state, become considerably less valuable employees than the migrant and immigrant labor force, whose demands are often less stringent. With that being said, migrant and immigrant labor force are often preferred to the native one due to the features specified above, which leads to a sharp increase of unemployment among the natives. While at present, the given phenomenon cannot be considered as recurrent, in the realm of a globalized world, it is likely to become massive, which will clearly lead to a steep rise of unemployment and, therefore, poverty rates among the native labor force.Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Unemployment is not the only reason for people to fear poverty as a logical consequence of the globalization process. No matter how weird it might sound, globalization is likely to lead to an even greater split between the nations of the world. Known as the North-South divide (Heywood, 2011, 360), the given phenomenon presupposes that the world should be split into two parts, i.e., the industrialized North and the South, which tends to be more agriculturally oriented. As a result, the relationships between the two can possibly be rather tense, with the North taking the position of the one beholding technological power, and the South becoming the supplier of the goods for the almighty North. The consequences of the given change are rather obvious; it is more than likely that the people inhabiting the Southern hemisphere are going to balance on the brink of poverty (Heywood, 2011, 360). While the given concerns might seem rather far-fetched nowadays, they can possibly become an issue later.  The next problem of globalization, which will probably trigger an increase in poverty rates stems from the above-mentioned supposed divide between the South and the North. With the North being in the leadership position, it will be impossible to maintain relationships based on equality between the two parts of the world. As a result, the problem of inequality will ensue. While the given issue is not linked to poverty directly, it provides the environment for poverty to brew in. Therefore, the rates of inequality will take an even greater scale than they have nowadays. As a result, it can be expected that women, the representatives of national minorities, and other â€Å"risk groups† will face the threat of poverty in the globalized environment. Coming on the heels of the â€Å"globalized economic space,† the split between the technologically developed North and the agrarian South is a truly threatening perspective. Much to the credit of the world’s lea ding states, the threats of poverty that globalization poses to the humankind have been analyzed well enough. Moreover, the means of fighting with the expected surge in poverty rates have been provided. Although the given methods do not block every threat that globalization process triggers, they are still worth a thorough consideration. One of the most graphic examples of such initiatives is the solution provided in Wade’s research. Excluding countries with high but not rising levels of trade to GDP from the category of more globalized eliminates many poor countries dependent on a few natural resource commodity exports, which have had poor economic performance. [†¦]. If they were included as globalized their poor economic performance would question the proposition that the more globalized countries do better. (Wade, 2004, 580) The idea of excluding certain states with a relatively low GDP might seem a good idea. However, it is worth mentioning that this idea contradicts the principles of globalization, which presuppose the inclusion of ever single state into the economic processes. Therefore, other avenues should be sought to find a way out. Conclusion There is no secret that in the age of globalization, the world is facing rapid and quite impressive changes. With the traditional models of business interaction being replaced by newly adopted ones, and the new media like social network reinventing people’s perception of life in its every aspect, starting from economical to the social one, globalization is both feared and expected. Since the scale of globalization is beyond huge, it can be assumed that the globalized world is going to look nothing like the reality of the beginning of the XXI century. Some of the effects of globalization have become obvious now; the rest of them are likely to be discovered in the nearest future. Therefore, it is the concern of the present-day world to make sure that the negative aftermaths of globalization, in cluding the possible rise in poverty rates, should be prevented as soon and as efficiently as possible. Even though one can hardly come up with an exact concept of what the future economic state of the world in general and certain states, which are considered under the threat at present, will be like, it is still possible to make sure that no drastic negative outcomes are going to follow at the end of globalization. With that being said, poverty must be recognized as a tangible threat for a number of states and their residents. However, to address this problem adequately, a number of measures will have to be taken. The top priority must be given to the establishment of the labor law that the relationships between an employer and an employee within the global economic space are going to be regulated with. In addition, the laws regarding the migration problem, as well as the use of migrant labor, must be provided. The education issue must also be regulated so that people from all over the world could have the opportunity to acquire the skills that will later on help them in their career. In a nutshell, the key question is not whether the poverty issue can be regulated within a globalized environment; the question is whether people are ready to study, work and evolve in the given environment, and whether people are capable of controlling the economical and financial processes that are going to take place on the global scale. At present, the answer seems to be rather yes than no; however, it goes without saying that even more stringent methods of controlling the globalization process should be provided, which presupposes that the political and economical cooperation between the states all over the world should be enhanced. Reference List Edkins, J. Zehfuss, M. (2008).Global politics: A new introduction. New York. NY:  Routledge, 2008. Heywood, A. (2011).Global politics. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan. Lusted, M. A. (2012). Poverty. North Mankato, MN: ABDO. Pr amanick, S. K. Ganguly, R. (2011). Globalization in India: New frontiers and emerging challenges. New Delhi, India: PHI Learning Private, Ltd. Cai, T. (2012). Chinese perspectives on globalization and autonomy. Dancers, CA: BRILL. Wade, R. H. (2004). Is globalization reducing poverty and inequality? World Development, 32(4), 567–589.

A Rhetorical Analysis of U2s Sunday Bloody Sunday

A Rhetorical Analysis of U2s Sunday Bloody Sunday In this critical essay, composed in 2000, student Mike Rios offers a rhetorical analysis of the song Sunday Bloody Sunday by the Irish rock band U2. The song is the opening track of the groups third studio album, War (1983). The lyrics to Sunday Bloody Sunday can be found on U2s official website. The Rhetoric of U2s Sunday Bloody Sunday By Mike Rios U2 have always produced rhetorically powerful songs. From the spiritually driven I Still Haven’t Found What I’m Looking For to the blatantly sexual If You Wear That Velvet Dress, audiences have been persuaded to examine their religious doubts as well as to give in to their emotions. Never a band content in sticking to one style, their music has evolved and taken many forms. Their more recent songs show a level of complexity so far unsurpassed in music, drawing heavily on the ambiguity of paradox in songs like So Cruel while evoking sensory overload with the aid of the list structure in Numb. But one of the most powerful songs dates back to their early years, when their style was Senecan-like, seemingly simpler and more direct. Sunday Bloody Sunday stands out as one of U2’s finest songs. Its rhetoric is successful because of its simplicity, not despite it. Written in part as a response to the events of January 30, 1972 when the Paratroop Regiment of the British Army killed 14 people and wounded another 14 during a civil rights demonstration in Derry, Ireland, Sunday Bloody Sunday takes hold of the listener instantly. It is a song speaking against not only the British Army, but the Irish Republican Army as well. Bloody Sunday, as it has come to be known, was only one act in a cycle of violence claiming many innocent lives. The Irish Republican Army was certainly contributing to the bloodshed. The song begins with Larry Mullen, Jr. beating his drums in a martial rhythm that connotes visions of soldiers, of tanks, of guns. Although not original, it is a successful use of musical irony, enveloping a song of protest in the sounds usually associated with those it is protesting against. The same can be said of its use in the cadence-like foundations of Seconds and Bullet the Blue Sky. Having grabbed hold of the listener’s attention, Th e Edge and Adam Clayton join in with lead and bass guitars respectively. The riff is as close to concrete as sound can get. It is massive, almost solid. Then again, it has to be. U2 is endeavoring upon a subject and theme wide in scope. The message carries a great deal of significance. They must connect with every ear, every mind, every heart. The pounding beat and the heavy riff transport the listener to the scene of the killings, appealing to pathos. A violin glides in and out to add a softer, delicate touch. Caught in the musical attack, it reaches out to the listener, letting him or her know that the song’s grip will not strangle, but the firm hold must be kept nonetheless. Before any words are sung, an ethical appeal has taken shape. The persona in this song is Bono himself. The audience knows he and the rest of the band are Irish and that, although not personally familiar with the event that gives the song its title, they have seen other acts of violence while growing up. Knowing the band’s nationality, the audience trusts them as they sing about the struggle in their homeland. Bono’s first line makes use of aporia. I can’t believe the news today, he sings. His words are the same words spoken by those who have learned of yet another attack in the name of a great cause. They express the confusion such violence leaves in its aftermath. The murdered and the wounded are not the only victims. Society suffers as some individuals continue to try and comprehend while others take arms and join in the so-called revolution, continuing the vicious cycle. Epizeuxis is common in songs. It helps to make songs memorable. In Sunday Bloody Sunday, epizeuxis is a necessity. It is necessary because the message against violence must be drilled into the audience. With this end in mind, epizeuxsis is modified to diacope throughout the song. It is found in three different instances. The first is the erotesis How long, How long must we sing this song? How long? In asking this question, Bono not only replaces the pronoun I with we (which serves to draw the members of the audience closer to him and to themselves), he also implies the answer. The instinctive reply is that we should not have to sing this song any longer. In fact, we should not have to sing this song at all. But the second time he asks the question, we are not so sure of the answer. It ceases to be erotesis and functions as epimone, again for emphasis. Furthermore, it is somewhat akin to ploce, in that its essential meaning changes. Before repeating the How long? question, Bono uses enargia to vividly recreate violence. The images of broken bottles under children’s feet [and] bodies strewn across a dead end street appeal to pathos in an effort to disturb the listeners. They are not disturbing because they are too horrible to imagine; they are disturbing because they do not have to be imagined. These images appear too often on television, in newspapers. These images are real. But Bono cautions against acting solely based on the pathos of a situation. To keep his pathetic appeal from working too well, Bono sings that he won’t heed the battle call. A metaphor for refusing the temptation to avenge the dead or hurt, this phrase conveys the strength needed in doing so. He employs antirrhesis to support his statement. If he allows himself to be seduced into becoming a rebel for the sake of revenge, his back will be put against the wall. He will have no further choices in life. Once he picks up a gun he will have to use it. It is also an appeal to logos, weighing the consequences of his actions beforehand. When he repeats How long? the audience realizes that it has become a real question. People are still being killed. People are still killing. It is a fact made all too clear on November 8, 1987. As a crowd gathered at Enniskillen town in Fermanagh, Ireland, to observe Remembrance Day, a bomb placed by the IRA was detonated killing 13 people. This sparked the now infamous dehortatio during a performance of Sunday Bloody Sunday that same evening. Fuck the revolution, Bono declared, reflecting his anger and the anger of his fellow Irishmen at another senseless act of violence. The second diacope is tonight we can be as one. Tonight, tonight. Utilizing hysteron proteron to emphasize tonight and therefore the immediacy of the situation, U2 offers a solution, a way in which peace can be restored. Clearly an appeal to pathos, it evokes the emotional comfort gained by human contact. The paradox is easily dismissed by the hopefulness resonating in the words. Bono tells us it is possible to become one, to unite. And we believe himwe need to believe him. The third diacope is also the major epimone in the song. Sunday, bloody Sunday is, after all, the central image. The use of diacope differs in this phrase. By placing bloody within the two Sundays, U2 demonstrates how significant this day is. To many, thinking of the date will forever be linked with remembering the brutality inflicted on that date. Surrounding bloody with Sunday, U2 forces the audience to experience, at least in some way, the link. In doing so, they provide a manner by which the audience can further unite. U2 employs various other figures to persuade their audience. In the erotesis, there’s many lost, but tell me who has won? U2 extends the battle metaphor. There is an example of paronomasia in lost. In relation to the battle metaphor, which is now the struggle to unite, lost refers to the losers, those who have fallen victim to the violence by either partaking in it or experiencing it. Lost also refers to those who do not know whether to refrain or take part in the violence, and do not know which path to follow. Paronomasia is used earlier in dead end street. Here dead means physically the final portion of the street. It also means lifeless, like the bodies strewn across it. The two sides of these words express the two sides of the Irish struggle. On one hand there is the idealistic cause for freedom and independence. On the other there is the result of trying to attain these goals through terrorism: bloodshed. The battle metaphor continues when Bono sings the trenches dug within our hearts. Appealing to emotion again, he compares souls with battlefields. The paronomasia of torn apart’ in the next line supports the metaphor by illustrating the casualties (both those physically torn and hurt by bombs and bullets, and those torn and separated by allegiances to the revolution). The list of victims is displayed as a tricolon to suggest no importance of one over any other. Mother’s children, brothers, sisters, they are all equally cherished. They are all also equally vulnerable, likely to fall victim to the often random attacks. Finally, the last stanza contains a variety of rhetorical devices. Like the paradoxical solution suggested in the opening stanza, the paradox of fact being fiction and television reality is not difficult to accept. To this day there remains controversy over the shootings that occurred more than twenty-five years ago. And with both major protagonists in the violence distorting the truth for their own sake, fact is certainly capable of being manipulated into fiction. The terrible images of lines 5 and 6 support the television paradox. This phrase and the antithesis we eat and drink while tomorrow they die add to the sense of perplexity and urgency. There is also a trace of irony in enjoying basic human elements while the next day someone else dies. It causes the listener to ask him or herself, who are they? It causes him or her to wonder if it could be a neighbor, or a friend, or a family member that dies next. Many probably think of those who have died as statistics, numbers in a grow ing list of murdered. The juxtaposition of we and they confronts the tendency to distance oneself from unknown victims. It asks that they be considered as people, not numbers. Another opportunity for unification is thus presented. Besides uniting with each other, we must also unite with the memories of those slain. As the song heads towards the closing diacope, one last metaphor is employed. To claim the victory Jesus won, sings Bono. The words immediately connote the blood sacrifice particular to so many cultures. The listener hears victory, but also remembers that Jesus had to die in order to achieve it. This makes an appeal to pathos, stirring religious emotions. Bono wants the listener to know that it is not an easy journey he is pleading for them to embark on. It is difficult, but well worth the price. The final metaphor also appeals to ethos by linking their struggle to that of Jesus, and therefore making it morally right. Sunday Bloody Sunday remains as powerful today as it was when U2 first performed it. The irony of its longevity is that it is still relevant. U2 would no doubt rather they did not have to sing it anymore. As it stands, they will probably have to continue singing it.

I want to leave it up to the writer Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

I want to leave it up to the writer - Assignment Example Sony leverages scientific information for the improvement of the performance and value of their services, systems, and consumer products (Sony Corporation, 2009). The development relies on the corporation’s adaptation to developing changes in technological formats and scale. Technologically, Sony is superior in the production of consumer electronics in comparison to its competitors. For this reason, the organization’s strength is its ability to leverage technological developments ahead of its competitors. The leveraging aspect enables the company to create high quality and innovative products for its consumers, which is an element that increases the firm’s sales and revenue (Sony Corporation, 2009). However, the organization’s weakness emanates from its diversification in many business segments. Since the core competency of the company involves the production of consumer electronic goods, the aspect of diversification influences its shifted focus in relation to upholding its core competency. Sony’s external environment is tense. Technological changes are rapid, which is an indication that it is not possible for an individual to predict it. For this reason, since the corporation depends on technology, its survival depends on r esearch and development initiatives that are essential for enabling the company to remain

Laws and Codes in Hebrew and Mesopotamia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Laws and Codes in Hebrew and Mesopotamia - Essay Example They had followed these laws for many years to dictate their way of life including marriage, children, worship, and family values among others. It is through these doctrines that the understanding to their concerns and values is derived1. Concerns of Hebrews and Mesopotamians The Hebrews and Mesopotamians concerns and apprehensions are based on their law codes from ancient times. In this respect, these cultures believed that disobeying the laws of the Lord would result to punishment. According to the First Book of Moses, called Genesis2it is written that from the start Adam and Eve were punished by God for eating fruit from the forbidden tree. This clarifies that disobedience of God’s laws and commands has serious repercussions to the society. Further, the book cites that the Hebrews and Mesopotamians were expected to live a life without sin. Sins and wickedness caused the people to lose favor with God just as it is written about the time of Noah. The people in the era of Noah sinned greatly against God and he had to destroy the entire world. Noah and his family together with the animals in the world were saved because he was the only person devoid of sin3. God’s curse was a concern for the Hebrews because it meant that the person would have to die. The laws and codes of the Hebrews declared that God would place a curse against people who wronged prophets ordained by God. They were expected to listen to the words of God’s messengers else, they had to suffer the curse. For instance, the First Book of Moses, called Genesis speaks of king Pharaoh who stole the wife of Abraham and God sent a curse inform of plague into his household. The Hebrews and Mesopotamians were also concerned about the worship ofidol gods. God had forbidden the worship of idols and required all the people to worship him alone. In the same manner, they had to deter from mentioning the name of God in vain since it is a way of ignorance of his words. This requires people to worship the Lord but not joke in his name for punishment would be placed upon them. These ancient communities were not expected to kill, steal, or commit acts of adultery within the society. Such grave sins were punishable through death and God’s anger would be upon those that disobeyed his commands. In addition, the Hebrew and Mesopotamian people were expected to respect each other and not steal each other house or wives. It was clear that any person that hit or disrespected the parents were to be put to death without any mercy4. The Values of ancient Hebrews and Mesopotamians The ancient Hebrews and Mesopotamians were people who worshipped God without ceasing. They did the worship through prayers, tithing, and thanksgiving festivals, which were conducted as often as possible. Through the book of Genesis, the Hebrews and Mesopotamians worked the entire week but on the seventh day, it was a day to rest and focused on worshipping the Lord. They cleansed their bodies by washin g their clothes and further, entered the temple to worship God. The altar was placed in the God’s temple as a place where they gave their offerings and sacrifices to the Almighty God. Through these offerings, the people received God mercy and blessing in their lives. For instance, the Book of Genesis speaks of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob who offered sacrifices, worshipped God, and in return received abundant blessings for them and their descendants5. The Hebrews and Mesopotamians established a covenant with God to remain true to his will. In this respect, they believed God as the sole provider, protector, and giver of life whom they depended entirely. A covenant was made between God and Israelites to circumcise their male children eight days after birth. This was to show that they belonged to God

Germans that you hold to be true and admire Essay

Germans that you hold to be true and admire - Essay Example All they want is clear and overt expression of the underlying feel that makes them say what they want. Americans are not much different either. Americans also feel comfortable making direct and straightforward speech. Both Germans and Americans prefer direct and meaningful expression, and both are quite straightforward in general. Germans are truthful in their speech. The confidence that reflects in their straightforwardness originates in their truthfulness. If they commit to someone, they do so by heart and mean it. They are not double faced people, unlike most of the people belonging to other nations. Their words are meaningful because Germans are very dutiful. Most Americans are also dutiful, though there is also a significant population in America that does not fulfill its commitments to others in various matters of daily life. Germans do not waste time. According to Germans, if a job is done correctly but has not been done within the assigned time, this goes against the work eth ics. German work ethics place huge emphasis on punctuality, and so do the Americans. Works cited: â€Å"Truth and Duty.† Culture Smart! Germany. pp. 41-42.

Book Vs Film: The Clockwork Orange

Book Vs Film: The Clockwork Orange Glenn DW will tell us something about the book then we will give you a short summary of the book, then I will give you some information about the author. After that glenn VH show us some differences between the book and the movie. And for ending we will show you a fragment. We are going to discuss the book and the movie A Clockwork Orange. The first thing we want to say, is that the book is very hard to read. There are a lot of hard words in it and Alex and his three friends speak a dialect, called nadsat. Its the teenage vocabulary of the future. Glenn Vanhaeren also read the book in Dutch and it was also very difficult to read according to him, even in Dutch. because they use a lot of words that nobody understands. In the Dutch version of the book is a list with all the explanations of these words, in the English version there isnt. A few examples: To viddy is to see A droog is a friend Short summary A clockwork orange is a story about a young teenager named Alex living in near-future England. Alex leads a small gang of teenage criminals, Dim, Pete, and Georgie are the other members. They do things like robbing and beating men and raping women. Alex and his friends spend a lot of their time at the Korova Milkbar, thats an establishment that serves milk laced with drugs, such milk is called Milk-plus. Alex begins his narrative from the Milk bar, where the boys sit around drinking. When Alex and his gang leave the bar, they go on a crime. Their last crime was when they broke into an old womans house. She calls the police, and before Alex can get away, Dim hits him in the eye with a chain and runs away with the others. The police found Alex on the ground and take him to their office, where he later heard that the woman he beat and raped during the earlier robbery has died. Now hes become a murderer. Alex is sentenced to fourteen years in prison. He befriends the prison chaplain, who notices Alexs interest in the Bible. The chaplain lets Alex read in the chapel while listening to classical music, because Alex likes classical music. On one day Alex is selected as the first candidate for an experimental treatment called Ludovicos Technique, a form of brainwashing that incorporates associative learning. After being injected with a substance that makes him dreadfully sick, the doctors force Alex to watch exceedingly violent movies. In this way, Alex comes to associate violence with the nausea and headaches he experiences from the shot. The process takes two weeks to complete. After this process Alex can no longer enjoy classical music, which he has always associated with violence. After two years in prison, Alex is released, a harmless human being incapable of vicious acts. Soon, however, Alex finds hes not only harmless but also defenceless, as his earlier victims begin to take revenge on him. His old friend Dim and an old enemy named Billyboy are both police officers now, and they take the opportunity to settle old scores. They drive him to a field in the country, beat him, and leave him in the rain. When they leave him Alex goes to a nearby cottage and knocks on the door, begging for help. The man living there lets him in and gives him food and a room for the night. Alex recognizes him from two years ago as the man whose wife he raped, but the man does not recognize Alex. This man, F. Alexander, is a political dissident. When he hears Alexs story, he thinks he can use Alex to incite public outrage against the State. He and three of his colleagues develop a plan for Alex to make several public appearances. When they are speaking to each other He berates the men in  nadsat, which arouses the suspicion of F. Alexander, who still remembers the strange language spoken by the teenagers who raped his wife. Based on F. Alexanders suspicion, the men change their plans. They lock Alex in an apartment and blast classical music through the wall, hoping to drive Alex to suicide so they can blame the government. Alex does, in fact, hurl himself out of an attic window, but the fall doesnt kill him. While he lies in the hospital, unconscious, a political struggle ensues, but the current administration survives. State doctors undo Ludovicos Technique and restore Alexs old vicious self in exchange for Alexs endorsement. The author Life Anthony Burgess was an English author; he was borne in Manchester in 1917 and died in London in 1993. His sister Muriel died in 1918 Four days later his mother Elizabeth died at the age of 30 on November 1918, Burgess was one year old. After the death of his mother, Burgess was raised by his aunt, because his dad was unable to raise him. You could say that Burgess hasnt had a normal youth. Burgess did military service during WW II. He left the army in 1946, and became teacher. In 1954, Burgess joined the British Colonial Service as a teacher. But most of his time, he wrote and worked at his novels. At his death he was a multi-millionaire, leaving a Europe-wide property portfolio of houses and apartments. Work His real name is John Burgess Wilson, but he published under the pen name Anthony Burgess. In total, Burgess wrote more than ten novels. He wasnt only a novel writer, he also wrote screenplays (eg. The Spy Who Loved Me, a James Bond movie). Except from being active in the world of literacy, Burgess was also musician and composed regularly. Several of his pieces were broadcast during his lifetime on BBC Radio. He wrote The Clockwork orange in 1962. This is Burgess most famous novel. The film version of A Clockwork orange was released in 1971. 2) The novel Main Theme Burgess believed that the freedom to choose is the big human attribute, This belief provides the central argument of A Clockwork Orange, where Alex must follow the Ludovico treatment. When the State removes Alexs power to choose his own moral course of action, Alex becomes nothing more than a thing. The chaplain, the novels clearest advocate for Christian morals, addresses the dangers of Alexs Reclamation Treatment when he tells Alex that goodness is something chosen. Characters The main character of The Clockwork Orange is Alex. He is the anti-hero of the novel. Alex likes to name himself Alexander the Large; this was later the basis for Alexs claimed surname De Large in the 1971 film. Alex is the leader of a gang, the tree other member of his gang are George, Pete and Dim. The rival of Alex (and his gang) is Billyboy. Billyboy also haves a gang, these two gangs often fight with each other. Dr. Brodsky is a doctor who is the founder of the Ludovico technique. There is also another doctor, Dr. Branom. This is Brodskys colleague and co-founder of the Ludovico technique. He appears friendly towards Alex at first, before forcing him into the theatre to be psychologically tortured. Another important character in the novel is the prison chaplain. This is the only character who is truly concerned about Alexs welfare There are many other, rather small characters. E.g. The people who are terrorized by Alex and his gang. 3) Book vs Film Differences Age There are plenty differences between the book and the film. One of the big differences is the age of the characters. In the book the characters are younger as the characters in the film. I will give you two specific examples of these differences. The girl that is about to be raped by Billy Boys gang is ten years old in the book while looking at the film it is a young woman which is about to be raped by Billy Boys. After meeting two ten-year-old girls named Marty and Sonietta in a record shop, Alex takes home these girls and rapes them. This happens in the Book but in the film, the girls are about 14 years old. Although these differences dont change the story or the meaning of the story, they do change the way you look at the story. If you would see a ten-year-old girl which is being raped by a 15 year old young man, who looks like a man of at least 18 years old in my opinion, it is not realistic enough. Unlike a film, a book it is not being visualised for you and so you dont see it. Then its shocking to read that this girl is so young. Ending The ending of the story is also different between the book and the film because the last chapter, which is chapter 21, of the book was not filmed. In this chapter, Alex meets Pete. That was the third member of the original gang. Alex realises that he wishes to do the same, but his violence was an unavoidable product of his youth. The film is ending with a scene where you see a naked girl that is being raped and Alex saying I was cured, all right. Overall there are some differences but they have almost no influence on the story. Most of the differences are just some small details. The differences in age are only improving the story and the differences in the music cant even have any influence because you cant hear music when you are reading a book. Although both endings are different the almost say the same and that is that Alex wants to change but because of his violent childhood he will never be completely cured. Crucial Scene The scene takes place just before Alex is released. The Ludovico threatment has ended and it has worked. In a short presentation the doctors want to show what they archieved. (show part of movie from minute 81 -> 86) (read book pg. 93 95; all of us) Conclusion The book is hard to read, as mentioned before. The movie of the book is excellent, each chapter in the book is a scene in the movie. Although, there is a lot of explicit content in the movie, the story is good and there is a message in it. Thank you for your attention Euthanasia in Australia: Arguments For and Against Euthanasia in Australia: Arguments For and Against McKenzie Maviso â€Å"Research arguments for and against Euthanasia in Australia. Is it likely to be decriminalised in the future or not? By what rationale?† Innovations and technologies in medical sciences throughout the history have focused primarily on disease preventions to achieve better health outcomes. However, physicians are often confronted with extreme challenges in life-and-death circumstances, particularly with patients who are suffering from prolonged and debilitating illnesses. To alleviate such suffering, euthanasia or physician-assisted death is sometimes considered upon request from patients. While it remains a globally controversial issue in medical practice, it is performed legally in some countries as an optional medical intervention. This essay will examine the main arguments for and against the practice of euthanasia in Australia. It will then argue that euthanasia is not likely be legalised because of strong oppositions relating to medical code of ethics, political objections and legal justice system perspectives. Therapeutic interventions for patients suffering from chronic and prolonged debilitating illnesses can be challenging in medical practice. With the focus to provide best possible intervention, physicians often consider various interventions for patients to put an end to pain and suffering. In some cases, patients who are diagnosed with incurable illnesses, such as cancer, which often continues to its devastating state can be unbearable for them and their family members (Frost, Sinha, Gilbert, 2014). Similarly, in such difficult situations, euthanasia is often considered upon the request of the patients to end life intentionally from their poor health conditions. Euthanasia, a Greek word meaning a â€Å"good† or â€Å"gentle death† whereby a patient has control over death and is often viewed as a medical intervention performed by physicians to end life (Boudreau Somerville, 2014; Devakirubai Gnanadurai, 2014; Starr, 2014). Furthermore, Levy, et al., (2013) explain tha t it can be â€Å"active† in order to actively end a life, while â€Å"passive† is based on the deliberate suspension of medical treatments to hasten death. Euthanasia can also be performed as â€Å"voluntary† upon patients’ request, or â€Å"involuntary† without the permission of the patient (Adan, 2013). It is often considered upon the perception that the debilitating condition is certain to suffer extremely, and that this suffering can only be resolved by euthanasia upon the patient’s consent. For instance, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Oregon in the United States (US) have legitimate control measures for physician-assisted death, especially by considering patients’ conditions and choices of care (Levett, 2011; Pereira, 2011). Thus, euthanasia is often conducted under specific situations when the devastating illness prevails over the health of patients that causes unbearable discomforts and sufferings. There are two primary reasons that qualify physicians to perform euthanasia in relation to patient’s poor health status. Firstly, autonomy in patients are perceived as important and need to be recognized in any health care practice. Autonomy is described as an individual with full self-control over mind, body and capable of making critical decisions and choices (Frost, et al., 2014). Obviously, patients are primary decision-makers that have the rights to access health care services where appropriate. Respect for autonomy thus, is considered as a main reason in health care to allow patients to have complete control when making decisions for euthanasia (Sjostrand, Helgesson, Eriksson, Juth, 2013). Furthermore, Ebrahimi, (2012) claims that arguments supporting euthanasia are based on the concept of autonomy and self-determination enabling patients to make critical decisions without impacting others. Conversely, physicians are to respect the rights of patient should a choice is m ade regarding medical care. For instance, in devastating medical situations when suffering becomes intolerable, autonomy must be acknowledged for patients requesting euthanasia intervention (Onwuteaka-Philipsen, et al., 2010; Trankle, 2014). As a result, recognizing the autonomy that lead to make critical choices and decisions relating to poor illnesses are often crucial during the course of care for both physicians and the patients. Secondly, constant pain and suffering experienced by patients with particular debilitating illness is another primary reason supporting the argument for euthanasia or physician-assisted death. Prolonged discomforts and sufferings have always been the basis for advocates in favour for legalization. Any therapeutic measures administered to patients must not be focused only on recovery processes, but also to enhance reliefs and comforts that are revealed in the sufferings (Lavoie, et al., 2014; Kucharska, 2013). In the same way, Frost, et al., (2014) maintain that to avoid terrible pain and suffering is an obvious indication why euthanasia may be justified. Although, suffering is a main reason used to explain euthanasia, Karlsson, Milberg and Strang (2012) further claim that patients with anticipatory fears, sufferings, and uncertainty in relation to the continuity of treatments often contemplate on this intervention. Providing therapeutic care to patients who are struggling amidst thei r illnesses can be challenging, but for some patients, physician-assisted death is a merciful and honourable act that relieves intense suffering (Boudreau Somerville, 2014). Nevertheless, Devakirubai and Gnanadurai (2014) argue that pain is not the only reason for some patients with poor prognosis requesting death, but often symptoms that may facilitate unbearable experiences such as: persistent vomiting, incontinence, fatigue, discomfort and paralysis may also influence request for euthanasia. Therefore, patients who are undergoing extreme sufferings to the extent of desiring for euthanasia deserve consented death, and it is physicians’ legal obligation to fulfil a desired intervention within their scope of practice. Although euthanasia is regarded as an alternative treatment in certain prolonged illnesses, there are several main arguments that oppose this medical intervention. These arguments against euthanasia are established due to the following reasons; medical code of ethics, political objections, and legal justice system. First of all, medical ethics often enable medical professionals to provide care within the scope of their practice without causing harm to patients, instead assist them to achieve optimal health benefits. Myers (2014) claims that medical ethics are often determined by how physicians assist patients to cope with preventive and curative treatments during the practice. In every aspect of health care, physicians’ are to protect their patients and provide care that is based on mutual trust and confidence that do not interfere with their code of ethics. In addition, physician-patient relationship is built on common trust, in which physicians’ expertise and knowledg e are fully exercised to improve patients’ wellbeing without prejudice and negligence (Myers, 2014; Malpas, et al., 2014). However, purposeful termination of life for patients suffering from terminal illnesses, may undermine trust and confidence of physicians, and eventually may limit the protection offered to patients during the care (MacLeod, et al., 2012; Doyal Doyal, 2001). Despite devastating health conditions, medical ethics should not be neglected during medical interventions, and focused on achieving satisfactory health outcomes for patients. Therefore, medical practices that undermines the value of patients’ health rights and wishes can be regarded as unethical within medical context. Another argument focuses on political objections in relation to euthanasia. Although, in some countries, legislative reforms have been passed by the government to permit euthanasia, its intervention is associated with a strong political agenda opposing its practice within the medical landscape, such as in Australia. For example, the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly approved the Rights of the Terminally Ill Act in 1995, was aimed to assist terminally ill patients the right to request voluntary euthanasia (Nicol, Tiedemann, Valiquet, 2013). Unfortunately, the bill has triggered intense criticism and was condemned by the federal parliament for several reasons. One of the reason as being â€Å"culturally† unacceptable, particularly for elderly indigenous seeking medical assistance (Kerridge Mitchell, 1996). This means that such law will prevent indigenous elderly population to seek appropriate care, and would eventually deny them from accessing basic health services. Anot her main reason that opposes the bill to legalise euthanasia was the firm opposition from ‘conservative’ liberals and key members of Labor’s right-faction in federal parliament, and that politicians need to have adequate information and knowledge in order to make good public policy (Plumb, 2014). A well-informed and collective decisions are of high importance to provide practical legislative policies for euthanasia. Regardless of overwhelming public support to permit euthanasia, Trankle (2014) affirms that it has remained illegal in Australia since the bill was dismissed. Furthermore, Plumb, (2014) argues that medical and legal experts are against its legitimacy, and although, attempts to legalise the practice in South Australia and Tasmania are apparent, the law on voluntary euthanasia is limited for changes in the future. Besides, professional organizations such as the Australian Medical Association (AMA) does not have a strong position regarding bills on eutha nasia consequently of different views and opinions shown from medical practitioners. This has also made the federal parliament to provide rationales that rejected the likelihood to legalise euthanasia in Australia (Plumb, 2014; Nicol, et al., 2013). Legalising euthanasia would likely to result in serious effects by changing medical practice, and that would affect physicians’ clinical roles. The law against euthanasia still remains and thus, it is unlikely to be decriminalised in the future. The other argument is that the deliberate termination of life due to prolonged medical condition may be unethical and against criminal laws. Most importantly, life must be valued and assisting death for terminally ill patients would require legal justice systems to be effected. According to Norwood, Kimsma and Battin (2009), physicians who conduct euthanasia would eventually lead to patients being killed against their will. In addition, active intervention which has a primary intention of killing, despite the patient’s consent is a criminal offence and is a homicide (McLellan, 2013; Ebrahimi, 2012). Similarly, MacLeod, Wilson, and Malpas (2012) claim that assisting in death with or without consent and regardless of the medical situation is a crime. , because of the integral value of human life. Furthermore, Plumb (2014) claims that euthanasia is not likely to be legalised, it is against criminal law and physicians must argue in the court that their conduct was â€Å"reasonabl e†. Often killing an innocent human life is ethically wrong in itself thereby respect awarded to human lives would be undermined (Kucharska, 2013; Varelius, 2013). Therefore, debilitating illnesses leading to death should be accepted as a natural event, rather than prematurely instigated by any medical interventions. Furthermore, arguments for and against euthanasia have continued to persist controversially in public, medical and justice sectors. These arguments have led to slippery slope issues, especially in relation to patients who are suffering from devastating health conditions. It has been argued that assisting death to patients with undergoing sufferings would mean setting precedence and increasing the rate for unnecessary death (Shah Mushtaq, 2014). Despite these arguments, some countries have certain laws that permit euthanasia, particularly for patients with terminal health status. For instance, Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg have guidelines and procedures established that specifically allow euthanasia with respect to their legal system (Pereira, 2011). In addition, the State of Oregon in the United States (US) has passed â€Å"Death with Dignity Act† to conduct euthanasia under strict criteria, considering patients’ consent (Blakely Carson, 2013). This law has enab led Oregon the legal responsibilities for physician-assisted death. However, legalising euthanasia in Australia will not likely to benefit all patients, but would continue to spark relevant arguments from some medical professionals, the federal parliament, and legal justice systems. According to Plumb (2014) there are controversies challenging the proposed legislation for euthanasia, and sufficient evidence is needed to make reasonable decisions. Therefore, the possibility of legalising physician-assisted death is seemed limited in the future as a result of differing views shown in parliamentary debates. To conclude, euthanasia still remains as a debatable issue around the world. It has generated serious discussions within the public, medical practice, politics and legal justice system. Although, it was considered an alternative medical intervention, general arguments against its legality seem to focus on undermining the patient-physician trust and confidence, thereby altering the integrity of medical ethics. Moreover, medical practice that have been motivated by empathetic care, reluctance to amend and legislate bills with respect for human dignity, and considering euthanasia as a criminal offense have limited the probability of decriminalisation in Australia. 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